Buying a house is always a significant investment in the UK, and depending on where you’re planning on purchasing your property, they aren’t always situated where you have a connection to a main sewer. Most commonly, locations such as villages situated away from largely populated areas, countrysides, rural areas, valleys and even small seaside villages are a few areas where you will commonly face buying a house with a septic tank or sewage treatment plants. While septic tanks can be an efficient way to manage wastewater, they come with their own set of responsibilities and setbacks if not maintained properly. In this comprehensive guide, we will uncover everything a buyer needs to know when purchasing a house with a septic tank in the UK.
What other drainage systems are available when a main sewer connection is not an option for your home?
Sewage Treatment Plants or Wastewater system
A sewage treatment plant, commonly referred to as a wastewater treatment plant, is a vital component of a property’s infrastructure designed to manage and treat domestic sewage and wastewater efficiently. It functions by receiving wastewater from toilets, sinks, showers, and other household sources. The process typically involves several stages, including primary treatment, where solid materials settle out, and scum is removed; secondary treatment, which uses bacteria to break down organic matter further; and sometimes, tertiary treatment for additional polishing. The treated wastewater is then discharged into the environment or, in some cases, reused for non-potable purposes like irrigation. Sewage treatment plants play a crucial role in safeguarding public health and protecting the environment by ensuring that wastewater is treated to acceptable standards before being released.
Septic Tanks
A septic tank is a key component of on-site wastewater management systems commonly used in properties not connected to the municipal sewage system. . The process begins with the household wastewater being collected in the tank, where the separation of solids begins. This settles at the bottom of the tank, forming sludge, while lighter materials float to the top, creating scum. The clarified liquid in the middle, known as effluent, undergoes partial decomposition within the tank. Then, it flows into a drainage field or soakaway system, where it is further treated by soil and microorganisms in the ground. This natural process allows for the safe disposal of treated effluent back into the environment, while the solids in the septic tank require periodic pumping and removal to maintain the system’s efficiency. Septic tanks are a common and effective means of wastewater treatment in rural and suburban properties, but they require regular maintenance to ensure proper functioning and environmental protection.
Cesspit
A cesspit, also known as a cesspool, is a containment system used for wastewater management on a property. Unlike septic tanks and sewage treatment plants, cesspits do not treat or process sewage in any way. Instead, they serve as temporary holding tanks for all household wastewater, including sewage, until they are pumped out and emptied by a vacuum tanker service. Cesspits simply store the waste, and there is no biological or chemical treatment involved. This key difference sets them apart from septic tanks, which undergo basic treatment and separation of solids, and sewage treatment plants, which employ biological processes to treat wastewater before release. Cesspits are typically used when no other sewage disposal method is feasible due to site conditions or environmental regulations. They require frequent pumping and maintenance, making them less environmentally friendly and more costly in the long run compared to septic tanks or sewage treatment plants.
What are the key considerations during property inspection when buying a house with a septic tank?
Now that you have a basic understanding of the available drainage systems, let’s explore the important factors to consider when purchasing a property with one.
Locate the septic tank on the property and ensure it’s the right size
It is important to determine the location of the septic tank on the property and assess its condition. A septic tank requires regular maintenance and periodic pumping to remove accumulated solids. Knowing its location allows homeowners to access and maintain it effectively, preventing potential issues such as backups or system failures. By knowing where this drainage system is, you will also be able to estimate future maintenance costs, as the size, condition, and accessibility of the tank can affect the cost of pumping and repairs, allowing buyers to budget accordingly.
Verifying the tank’s size and capacity is also important to ensure it meets the needs of the household if the tank is too small for the property, there could be a great risk of it not functioning properly which will cause unexpected maintenance expenses.
Request the inspection and maintenance records for your drainage system
During the property inspection, request records of septic tank inspections, maintenance, and any other relevant documents. This will give you insights into the tank’s history and will allow you to review past inspection and maintenance records. These will provide valuable insight into the overall health and condition of the drainage system to ensure that you don’t take on any surprise fees from significant issues or repairs. These documents can reveal any recurring problems that may require attention in the future and can help you anticipate maintenance needs or potential costs associated with the drainage system. Finally, understanding the maintenance history ensures that the drainage system complies with local regulations and permits. Failure to meet regulatory requirements can lead to legal and environmental problems down the line which as a new buyer, you certainly should avoid.
Check the condition of the drainage field
Drainage fields play a crucial role in the efficient functioning of a drainage system. Issues you need to look out for include soggy ground or foul odours in the area. If this is the case, get in touch with an expert to ensure that this won’t cause problems with the functioning of your septic tank.
Ensure the septic tank aligns with the latest local regulations
Ensuring that the septic tank aligns with the latest local regulations when buying a house is of paramount importance. Local regulations are in place to safeguard public health, protect the environment, and maintain community standards. Failing to comply with these regulations can lead to costly legal and environmental consequences, including fines and system repairs. By confirming that the septic tank meets current standards during the buying process, prospective homeowners can avoid future liabilities, ensure the system operates efficiently, and contribute to the responsible management of wastewater, all while maintaining the value and legality of their property investment.
Professional Septic Tank Inspection
Arranging a professional septic tank inspection for a property you’re considering purchasing is crucial. Septic systems are integral to a home’s wastewater management, and issues with them can be costly and disruptive. A professional inspection assesses the tank’s condition, and its compliance with local regulations, and identifies any potential problems or needed repairs. This information not only ensures that you’re making an informed investment but also allows you to negotiate terms with the seller, plan for maintenance costs, and avoid unexpected expenses and environmental issues in the future. Ultimately, a thorough septic tank inspection provides peace of mind and safeguards your investment in the property.
Buying a house with a septic tank in England, Wales, and the rest of the UK can be a smooth and rewarding process with the right knowledge and precautions. By understanding the septic system, conducting thorough inspections, and following best practices for maintenance, you can enjoy your new home without worrying about septic tank-related issues. Remember that proper care of your septic tank not only protects your investment but also safeguards the environment and public health.
